In most cases, conservative treatment is not effective, for this you need to undergo surgical operations. No, in these cases:
- extensive varicose veins, which occupies the greater part of the veins;
- acute phlebothrombosis or pulmonary embolism;
- the wrong enlargement of the saphenous veins;
- the presence of edema in the legs;
- violation of blood flow from the venous system;
- progressive trophic ulcers, not responding to treatment;
- chronic fatigue legs and a movement disorder.
Restrictions and contraindications
Unfortunately, not all can be done surgical procedure, despite the severity of the disease. The operation is not carried out in the following cases:
- running the illness condition, when the operation will not produce effective results;
- concomitant hypertension 3 degrees, ikhs ;
- sepsis or other inflammatory and infectious processes in the body;
- age more than 75 years;
- pregnancy 2. and 3. trimester;
- skin diseases in the period of exacerbation (eczema, contact dermatitis, erysipelas, etc).
Types of operations on the veins of the lower extremities
Today medicine can offer several options of operations on varicose veins of the lower extremities:
- complete removal of the vein or phlebectomy;
- removal of diseased parts of blood vessels or mikroflebektomiyu;
- laser coagulation with a laser knife;
- RF ablationem;
- sclerotherapy;
- Phlebectomy.
Miniflebektomiya
For the treatment of gentle microinvasive surgical interventions, which removes the damaged parts of the vessel.
The advantage of this method is the lack of postoperative complications, because the procedure is performed through small holes.
This reduces the period of rehabilitation and improves the cosmetic effect.
Laser removal
So the treatment of varicose veins with laser Expensive procedure, which is based on the removal of small blood vessels with a laser knife. Operation in the impact of the laser beam on the vessel causing a blood clot, and the vessel is closed and separate. In the future Vienna resolved.
The advantages of operating in the absence of surface damage and short recovery period. Immediately after the surgery the patient can go home on your feet.
Radiofrequency ablation
The method is an improved version of the previous method, which is the least dangerous and traumatic of all.
Thank you, that you can remove the veins of any caliber to varicose nodes, without the use of anaesthesia. The rehabilitation period is not needed, because for two weeks already actively carried out.
However, it is worth noting that in some cases the effect is no better, as after the laser removal.
Compression sclerotherapy
This method is difficult to call the action. Based on the use of sclerosant is a special substance, that is, when it enters into the vessel, which turns it into a fibrous cord. The injection is carried out several times, and only for vessels of small caliber.
For the implementation of sclerotherapy does not require anesthesia, so it is mainly used for those who have intolerance to anesthesia. But it requires a long period of rehabilitation. Patients must wear compression stockings for at least 3 months.
The effects of the surgery
After surgery on the veins of the lower extremities likely complications which surgeons are needed to bring their patients in advance. All of these complications arise in the different stages of the manipulation, and depends on factors such as:
- the method of surgical operation;
- in the stage of neglect of the process and scope of work;
- the choice of anesthetic and method of administration.
Depending on these factors, the risk of complications is different, as well as methods for their elimination. Of course with the traumatic and dangerous method is phlebectomy. Because offendimus all of the tissues of the lower extremities, high likelihood of complications. The most basic of them:
- aseptic inflammation of the skin around the joints;
- the design of the lots, which accumulates in the blood, with redness and a feeling of pain;
- secondary inflammation due to bacterial infection;
- the bleeding from the wound;
- important swelling from injury the lymphatic vessels and nodes in the groin area;
- thrombosis of the deep venous system as the result of constant bed rest without preventive measures (the use of compression socks, minimal physical activity and taking medications that improve blood rheology);
- bruising and exasperatur seams in place of surgical procedure;
- recurrence and progression of the disease.
Measures in the first days after surgery
As soon as the patient wakes up after anesthesia, it is necessary to move the limb as possible. In the set of exercises that are included with the pivot point at the knee and ankle joint, flexion and extension of the leg. The main thing is to not overdo it, to not make things worse.
On the second day after the operation, to dress, after which put on special underwear, knitted or doing tight bandaging of the legs.
Ud is desirable to raise, to improve blood circulation. In all cases, the business station, can not be wet, and also to visit the baths, as you may damage. If the patient feels the heat, it is necessary that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, then be sure to seek medical attention. In cases of leg edema, it is desirable to reduce the physical loading.
After 9-10 days the stitches are usually removed. Then assigned to individual rehabilitation. Complete recovery occurs, depending on the stage of the disease and the physical condition of the person.
- Changes in lifestyle and physical activity of the patient;
- The strength of correction after the surgery;
- Compression therapy in the postoperative period.
Changes in lifestyle and physical activity of patients
As one of the main reasons varicose veins are lack of movement, for fast recovery and healing of the recommended walks in the fresh air each evening, special exercises without weights, walking on the "toes" and "heel", the Cycling, the circular motion in the joints of the lower limbs, exercise "scissors" and foot massage and sound sleep.
The strength of correction after the surgery
Excess weight contributes to the recurrence and progression of the disease, regardless if the patient is obese, it is necessary to change your diet: reduce calories, foods to diversify the diet change. It is recommended to consume only lean meat, seafood and sea, fish, dairy products, cereals, fruits, vegetables, berries and nuts. As for the day you should drink close to 2 litres of plain water.
What else you need to know patients
Patients should remember that the formation of the gap occurs for 3 months. Then formed a scar. In this time has to be carefully managed for the treatment of part of the limb:
- Do not scrub the surgical site rough and tough sponges in the shower, and use cosmetic scrubs. Use a soft cloth or simply wash your hands.
- The water at the time of bathing should be warm.
- Not worth trying to delete iodine, brilliant green or other bright antiseptics at once, this will cause unnecessary friction.
- If the incision itches, apply iodine, it will provide an antiseptic effect and remove the serbs.
- Not worth it to cut the cover on your own, yourself will disappear.
- If the seam is red or about him appeared strange spots, contact your doctor.
- Try to protect yourself from stress and unnecessary worry.